Beyond Gayle: Queer language use among Afrikaans-speaking queer women and nonbinary individuals in South Africa

Abstract

Research on South African Lavender Lexicons has historically focused on Gayle, a variety primarily associated with homosexual men, leaving the linguistic practices of other Afrikaans-speaking queer groups largely unexplored. Unlike Gayle, which developed during periods of legal prohibition when secrecy functioned as a primary motivation, contemporary queer linguistic practices are no longer necessarily driven by concealment. This study examines the role of queer language among Afrikaans-speaking queer women and nonbinary individuals across diverse age groups, exploring its role in the lives of the participants. Using a mixed-method approach, the findings of the study draw on 99 online questionnaire responses and four in-depth interviews with queer Afrikaans public figures across different age groups. Thematic analysis of the data reveals that queer language is central to building and sustaining community, fostering safe spaces and facilitating identity expression, particularly among younger participants. Attitudes are generally positive, although nonbinary participants highlight limitations in Afrikaans regarding gender-neutral terminology and often incorporate English alternatives.
Contribution: This study expands the understanding of South African lavender lexicon by documenting linguistic practices of Afrikaans-speaking queer women and nonbinary individuals, groups previously underrepresented in this field of research. The study highlights how queer language facilitates identity expression, community connection and cultural belonging, while also revealing the limitations of Afrikaans for gender-neutral terminology. The findings provide a foundation for future research on gender-inclusive linguistic innovation and the evolving dynamics of queer language use in South Africa.